Influence of Treated Wastewater Irrigation on Soil Nutritional-Chemical Attributes Using Soil Quality Index

Dwindling water resources have drawn global attention to the reuse of treated wastewater (TWW) for irrigation. However, impact continuous TWW applications on soil quality and proper quantification monitoring frameworks not been well-understood. This study aims provides an insight into flood irrigation urban nutritional-chemical attributes potential application multiple indices a corn cropping system. To achieve that goal, we pursued Total Data Set (TDS) Minimum (MDS) approaches, as well Integrated Quality Index (IQI) Nemoro (NQI) models. A total 17 indicators (0–50 cm depths) were determined soils irrigated with (five sites) (one site control) in West Azerbaijan province northwestern Iran. Results revealed significant difference majority attributes, IQI-TDS, NQI-TDS, IQI-MDS, NQI-MDS, yield between TWW-irrigated well-irrigated soils. Irrigation resulted increase amount organic matter cation exchange capacity by 9–17% 17–26%, respectively, macronutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) 22–164%, trace metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu) 17–175%, suggesting improvement nutrients productivity. Comparing control sites, caused notable values NQI-MDS models ranging 14.6–29.5%, 19.1–25.5%, 21.7–33.3%, 18.4–23.7%, respectively. implies was ameliorated extent These improvements remarkable from 12.5% 28.1%. The regression equations up 78%, 47%, 72%, 36% variance models, could be captured yield. results correlation analyses showed IQI-MDS model more accurate than other assessing predicting crop findings may effective practical tool policy making, implementation, management TWW.